Correction and Retraction

The Journal of Agriculture (JoA) is committed to maintaining the accuracy and integrity of its published scholarly record. In addition to the general publication ethics principles stated in the journal's Publication Ethics policy, JoA applies the following procedures when a published article requires formal correction or retraction.

1. Corrections

A correction may be published when an error in a published article affects the accuracy or clarity of the record but does not invalidate the overall findings or conclusions. The editorial team will assess the error and determine whether a formal correction notice is necessary. The notice will identify the original article, describe the correction, and be linked to the article whenever technically feasible.

2. Expressions of Concern

An Expression of Concern may be issued when credible questions arise about the reliability or integrity of a published article. However, the available evidence is insufficient to reach a final decision. The notice will inform readers of the unresolved concern and may be updated or followed by further editorial action when additional information becomes available.

3. Retractions

A published article may be retracted when reliable evidence indicates that its findings are substantially unreliable or that serious problems compromise its integrity. Retraction may be warranted in cases involving major errors, data fabrication or falsification, substantial plagiarism, redundant publication, unethical research, or other serious breaches of publication ethics.

Retraction decisions will be based on the available evidence and the seriousness of the issue. A disagreement with an article's conclusions, by itself, is not sufficient grounds for retraction.

4. Publication of Notices

Correction, Expression of Concern, and retraction notices will clearly identify the affected article and explain the reason for the editorial action in objective terms. Each notice will be linked to the original publication whenever possible. Retracted articles will remain identifiable as retracted in the scholarly record, except where exceptional circumstances require otherwise.

5. Editorial Documentation

JoA will document the rationale for decisions involving corrections, Expressions of Concern, and retractions, together with relevant supporting records and the final action taken. JoA will maintain records securely, with access restricted to authorised personnel.

Cases involving suspected research misconduct will be handled under the journal's Allegations of Research Misconduct policy. Any relevant competing interests will be managed in accordance with the Conflict of Interest policy.

6. Contact

Authors and readers who identify a potential error in a published article may contact the editorial office at editor.joa.itscience@gmail.com, providing the article title, DOI or URL, a description of the concern, and supporting evidence where available.

JoA will assess reports fairly and take appropriate action to preserve the accuracy, transparency, and reliability of its published scholarly record.