Correction and Retraction

Mathematical and Data Analytics

Mathematical and Data Analytics is committed to maintaining the accuracy, transparency, reliability, and integrity of the scholarly record. The journal adopts procedures for issuing corrections, expressions of concern, and retractions in accordance with the principles of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

This policy applies to all published articles, including research involving pure and applied mathematics, statistics, mathematical modeling, numerical analysis, optimization, data science, machine learning, and related analytical and computational disciplines.

1. Corrections

A correction may be issued when an error is identified in a published article that affects the accuracy or clarity of the reported information but does not invalidate the overall findings or conclusions.

Such errors may include inaccuracies in mathematical notation, equations, theorem statements, proofs, model assumptions, algorithm parameters, numerical procedures, dataset descriptions, statistical analyses, figures, tables, references, or reported results.

Errors involving statistical estimates, confidence intervals, significance tests, prediction accuracy, error metrics, convergence rates, or optimization results may warrant correction when the principal conclusions remain reliable.

The editorial team will assess the significance of the error and determine whether a formal correction notice is necessary.

Correction notices will identify the original article, describe the amendments, and be electronically linked to the relevant publication whenever technically feasible.

2. Expressions of Concern

Mathematical and Data Analytics may publish an Expression of Concern when credible questions arise regarding the reliability, originality, or integrity of a published article, but the available evidence is insufficient to support a definitive editorial decision.

Such concerns may involve suspected manipulation of data or statistical results, potentially fabricated datasets, substantial unresolved gaps in mathematical proofs, inconsistencies between reported methods and their implementations, or other serious research integrity issues.

An Expression of Concern informs readers that the reliability or integrity of a publication is under examination.

The notice may subsequently be updated or followed by a correction, retraction, or statement resolving the concern, depending on the evidence obtained.

An Expression of Concern does not constitute a finding of research misconduct.

3. Retractions

Mathematical and Data Analytics may retract a published article when credible evidence establishes that its principal findings or conclusions are substantially unreliable or that serious violations of research or publication ethics have occurred.

Grounds for retraction may include:

1. Fabrication, falsification, or manipulation of research data, statistical results, numerical experiments, or analytical outcomes.

2. Fundamental mathematical, methodological, statistical, or computational errors that invalidate the principal findings, including invalid proofs, incorrect model formulations, or inappropriate analytical procedures.

3. Substantial plagiarism, serious copyright infringement, or unauthorized use of protected materials.

4. Redundant or duplicate publication without appropriate disclosure or justification.

5. Manipulation of peer review, authorship, or editorial processes that seriously compromises the integrity of the publication.

6. Serious violations involving research ethics, data privacy, or unauthorized access to or use of research datasets.

Failure to reproduce numerical or empirical results does not automatically justify retraction. The editorial team will consider differences in datasets, preprocessing procedures, software versions, computational environments, random initialization, numerical precision, and model configurations.

For theoretical research, the editorial team will assess whether an identified error or gap in a proof can be corrected without invalidating the principal results. Scholarly disagreement alone does not constitute grounds for retraction.

Retraction is intended to correct the scholarly record rather than punish authors. Retraction may be warranted regardless of whether unreliable findings resulted from honest error or deliberate misconduct.

4. Publication of Editorial Notices

Corrections, Expressions of Concern, and Retractions will be accompanied by clearly identified editorial notices explaining the reasons for the action.

Each notice will identify the affected article, its authors, and the relevant DOI or publication URL.

Notices will be publicly accessible and electronically linked to the original article whenever technically feasible.

Retracted articles will ordinarily remain accessible in the journal archive with clear retraction markings. Removal or restricted access will be considered only in exceptional circumstances involving legal requirements, privacy, security, or other compelling ethical considerations.

5. Editorial Responsibilities and Documentation

Mathematical and Data Analytics will maintain appropriate records of reported concerns, supporting evidence, correspondence, investigations, editorial decisions, and corrective actions.

Authors will ordinarily be informed of substantive concerns and given a reasonable opportunity to respond. The editorial team may seek independent expert advice or contact relevant institutions when further investigation is necessary.

Editorial decisions will be evidence-based, proportionate, independent, and consistent with applicable publication ethics principles.

The Editor-in-Chief retains responsibility for final editorial decisions, subject to appropriate conflict-of-interest safeguards. When the Editor-in-Chief has a conflict of interest, the decision will be assigned to an independent editor or another appropriately qualified editorial representative.

6. Reporting and Contact Information

Authors, reviewers, readers, researchers, and other stakeholders may report suspected errors or integrity concerns in published articles.

Reports should include the article title, authors, DOI or URL, a description of the concern, and relevant supporting evidence.

Editorial Contact:publikasi@itscience.org

Mathematical and Data Analytics will evaluate reports fairly and take appropriate action to preserve the reliability and integrity of the scholarly record.