Adopsi E-Commerce dan Kinerja UKM: Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47709/jebma.v6i3.9652Keywords:
daya saing, kemampuan inovasi, kepercayaan digital, kinerja UKM, transformasi digitalAbstract
Abstrak: Latar belakang: transformasi digital mendorong UMKM memanfaatkan e-commerce, namun temuan penelitian terdahulu mengenai pengaruhnya terhadap kinerja usaha masih beragam dan terpisah. Tujuan: studi ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan antara adopsi e-commerce dan kinerja UKM. Metode: penelitian menggunakan pendekatan Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan kerangka Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Literatur diperoleh dari basis data Scopus menggunakan kata kunci terkait adopsi e-commerce, transformasi digital, dan kinerja UKM, dan berdasarkan proses seleksi 11 artikel empiris yang terbit pada periode 2021 sampai 2026 dianalisis. Hasil: adopsi e-commerce umumnya berdampak positif terhadap kinerja UKM melalui peningkatan efisiensi operasional, akses pasar, keterlibatan pelanggan, kemampuan inovasi, dan daya saing. Empat pola hubungan ditemukan, yaitu efek positif dominan (54,5%), kesiapan teknologi dan organisasi (18,2%), efek mediasi (18,2%), dan dukungan lingkungan (9,1%). Keberhasilan implementasi e-commerce juga dipengaruhi oleh kesiapan organisasi, kemampuan digital, inovasi, kepercayaan digital, dan dukungan lingkungan. Kesimpulan: secara teoretis, studi ini mendukung kerangka Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) dalam menjelaskan transformasi digital UKM, dan secara praktis UKM perlu memperkuat kemampuan digital, strategi inovasi, dan kepercayaan pelanggan untuk memaksimalkan manfaat e-commerce dalam persaingan bisnis digital.
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