Ekosistem Bisnis Kopi Berkelanjutan Melalui Kelompok Usaha Perhutanan Sosial (KUPS) Perempuan: Analisis Rantai Nilai
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47709/jebma.v6i3.9369Keywords:
Ekosistem bisnis, Kopi, KUPS Perempuan, Perhutanan Sosial, Rantai NilaiAbstract
Kabupaten Batang memiliki potensi perkebunan kopi seluas 1.020 hektare dalam kawasan perhutanan sosial yang dikelola oleh Kelompok Usaha Perhutanan Sosial (KUPS) Perempuan. Namun, sebagian besar nilai tambah kopi belum dinikmati oleh perempuan petani karena rantai nilai yang terlalu panjang, keterbatasan akses teknologi pascapanen, dan minimnya keterhubungan ke pasar premium. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan rantai nilai kopi KUPS Perempuan di Kabupaten Batang dan merumuskan strategi penguatan ekosistem bisnis kopi berkelanjutan berbasis kelembagaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan analisis rantai nilai (value chain analysis). Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi lapangan, survei terstruktur, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), dan studi dokumen yang melibatkan lima desa penghasil kopi yaitu Desa Sodong, Silurah, Tombo, Pesantren, dan Bismo. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa KUPS Perempuan di Kabupaten Batang memiliki potensi produksi kopi sebesar ±117,9 ton per tahun dari total luasan hutan produksi 393,74 hektare dengan komoditas unggulan kopi robusta, arabika, dan excelsa. Ditemukan kesenjangan distribusi nilai yang signifikan: harga di tingkat petani hanya berkisar Rp 15.000/kg sementara harga konsumen akhir mencapai Rp 180.000/kg, menghasilkan margin 1.100% yang sebagian besar tertangkap oleh aktor hilir. Melalui penguatan kelembagaan koperasi dan kolaborasi sembilan pemangku kepentingan, KUPS Perempuan dapat diposisikan sebagai unit pengolahan inti yang mampu memotong rantai distribusi dan menyerap nilai tambah yang lebih besar di tingkat komunitas. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa keberhasilan ekosistem bisnis kopi berkelanjutan bergantung pada integrasi peran KUPS, koperasi, dan jaringan multi-stakeholder yang terkoordinasi secara kelembagaan.
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