Expert System to Diagnose Problems Acne Whitening Method Using the Base Case Reasioning

Abstrack- Lack of knowledge about the problem of acne for the people who do not know how to Prevent early steps to Prevent acne more inflamed. This system can help doctors to Facilitate patient diagnosis and can save the patient's medical records for the consideration of the results of diagnoses of new problems that will come. Therefore, this study aims to produce an expert system for diagnosing problems acne on the face using the case base reasoning method. The algorithm used for the CBR method is the Nearest Neighbor Retrieval Algorithm for Determining the value of disease symptoms weighting based on: if the symptoms of the selected disease will be the same value of 1 and if the symptoms chosen are not the same will be value of 0 to the symptoms of old disease cases.


Introduction
Life is inseparable from bahayannya diseases that interfere with any life that exists in nature. Indirectly life and the disease goes hand in hand with time lived. For that reason, life lived by every person or community requires a sistempakar to overcome the disease early. The system will help to facilitate the public or people suffering from the disease can do diaknosa own. Because kebanyakanan we know someone only entrust their disease naturally by way of direct encounter with the specialist or his own doctor to treat diseases they experienced. If every person who has the disease do so will lead to a long Antria for many patients and the cost is more expensive. Due to the specialist or physician practices have time constraints and limited working hours a bit of an expert or doctor sepesialis that exist today. With that era, the rapid development of technology today, pemanpaatan computer capabilities in managing and storing information can be dimanpaatkan to help people memproleh information. The technology dimaatpaatkan one satunnya ie expert system is a computer program that reasoning and present some expert knowledge to solve problems or provide solutions to existing problems.The method used in this research is the method Case Base Reasoningwhich is a method that does reasoning by case basis memanpaatkan long way to make the solution of the new cases, Agardapat assist in the assessment for a system that accurately mendaptkan. This system will release the results output information acne problems suffered selected based on symptoms and the value simalirity acne patients who experienced with the use of the methods Reasioning Base Case will provide solutions to the new case. [1]According to Ketut Arlin Aryani, Dewa Gede Hendra Divayana, I Made Agus Wirawa,(2017), a skin disease caused by the influence of tropical climate, among others phlegm (attacking the folds of the skin), scabies (generally strike the covered area, for example the back and body), ringworm (attacking areas that rough and scaly eg hands and feet) and acne ( raided the face and body)The cause of acne is the blockage of the drain oil glands, closing the outlet of the sebaceous glands if mass externally, both of cosmetics, chemicals, dust and pollution as well as the outlet of the sebaceous glands narrower (hyperkeratosis) from ultraviolet radiation, sunlight, or radiotraffic active, The study was done by researchers, found the results of some types of acne, among which acne blackhead, whiteheads, papules, pustules, nodules cysts, conglobata and fulminans.Of some types of acne have a level of each group, ranging from mild (mild), moderate (moderate) and severe (severe), most patients with acne disorders pisokologis and development of personality that can reduce the level of confidence or be embarrassed because of illness acne.
Menururut Zulfian Azmi and Verdi Yasin (2017: 115) there are several stages in the process of Case Base Reasoning method which is as follows: a. Retrieve Doing a search input degree of similarity in symptoms given case patients with existing cases in the knowledge base to look for cases that are similar (similarity) is the highest. Only cases that have similarities with the base case to be processed. b. reuse At this stage of calculating the value of similiritas (similarity) every case that had previously been done matching of new cases in the case of the old one, so that the results of calculation of the value equation similarity each case obtained from: (total value of symptom similarity elected x weight / total weight symptoms in old case data).

c. Revision
Revision stages is a stage review of the proposed solution cases, this process will revise the information system proposed solutions will be evaluated and corrected back to address the errors that occurred on the issue of new cases. d. retain In the indexing process will retain, integrate, and extract the new solutions into the database as patient medical records, if experts said the new case as the case is valid then the case can be updated to this new case basis to resolve the problems to come. The formula used as follows: Weighting parameter (W): The characteristics of the selected symptoms of old cases (same) = 1 The characteristics of the selected symptoms of old cases (not equal) = 0 , = s 1 * w 1 + s 2 * w 2 + … . + s n * w n 1 + w 2 + … + w n In the above formula using the technique of similarity (problem, case) to the Nearest Neighbor algorithm Retrieval, while keternagan of the following formula: S = similarity (Similarity value) is 1 (equal) and 0 (diff) W = weight (Weight given). The following will explain any parts that are in part analysis and design:   Formed under the skin To treat acne whiteheads using a facial soap containing benzoyl peroxide is the main option to mengontrolkadar excessive oil in the pores. Acne can not be cured by treatment overnight it takes at least two months with this soap.

Data analysis
If not yet healed you should see a physician for other treatment, the doctor will meresep medicines containing retinoids and antibiotics when there is inflammation.
Oily skin prickly Small white lumps Appeared in groups P03 Acne prominent To treat acne whiteheads using a facial soap containing benzoyl peroxide is the main option to control the levels of excess oil in the pore-pori.Jika not improved please consult your doctor, who will give a particular drug.
Under the skin feels nyaeri Looks redness of the skin P04 painful Acne is not known whether the disease pustules (Pustules ance) can be treated. However, if not improved please consult your doctor, who will give a particular drug.
Oily skin small bump prickly pus P05 painful The most effective way that can be done at home is to use a face wash, pore strips, exfoliator, and a face mask to absorb all excessive dirt from the pores. To be sure there is no cure for mengobatinnya please consult your doctor, who will give a particular drug.

a. Acne Disease Case For Disease Similarity Value New Case
The process of determining similarity similarity value of new cases by adapting the old cases in 4 CBR process as follows: 1) Retrieve At this stage of the process of determining the symptoms of each disease based on the records pengetahuaan acne experts in the form of disease data, the characteristics of the symptoms of the disease, and disease prevention solutions acne cases of old patients. After that the system will perform weighting by matching one by one between the characteristics of the symptoms of a new disease cases selected patients against disease cases old cases that exist in the knowledge base and the user will input the symptoms that have been selected. Weighting process performed by the system shown in the calculation of a patient chooses symptoms if the characteristic symptoms are selected (equal) among new cases with old
cases will be worth 1, and if the characteristic symptoms are selected (not the same) between the new case to case old will be worth 0. Or it can be written as follows: Weighting parameter (W): The characteristics of the selected symptoms of old cases (same) = 1 The characteristics of the selected symptoms of old cases (not equal) = 0 S = similarity (similarity value) is 1 (equal) and 0 (diff) W = weight (weight given) a) P1 Case Calculation The characteristics of the symptoms of old cases (P1) Opening pores clogged by sebum pus Black lumps Located on the surface of the skin prickly

3) revise
At this stage of the process revise, the information will be restored to mengnanggulangi errors that occurred on the problem of new cases. The confidence level of 0.8 to the solution to a long illness P1 cases resulting recommendations can be immediately given.

4) retain
At the stage of this process will index, integrate, and extract the new solution will be deposited into database.Selanjutnya, a new solution that is already stored in the knowledge base will be used to solve new cases will come.

b. Data Selection
The selection is kritria case by case which has the highest similarity to the new case will be suggested as a solution to the problems of new cases. As shown in the table below:

System planning
The system design provides the design of the proposed system, such as database design, input design, output design and interface design. a. The design of the proposed system

Conclusion
The conclusions from the results of the research is as follows: a. Expert systems are built to provide identification conclusions based on the symptoms that have to infer or predict disease that affects what type of acne and the right solution to overcome the problem of acne suffered. b. The system can also help the hospital when the hospital using this application system to help patients who are waiting in line for a consultation so that if there is understaffed in the consultation can terbantunya Hospital side. c. Base Case Reasioning method using the formula Retrieval Nearest Neighbor algorithm to infer or consider the most similar case from the case database lookups when processing a case on the steps of the method stages Reasioning Base Case.